The Origins Of The Oldest Civilization - 1233 Words

The oldest civilization was in Mesopotamia between two rivers. Mesopotamia means â€Å"the land between the rivers.† Hence the name, Mesopotamia is found in the Fertile Crescent between the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers, which is now known as Iraq. Since the land was very fertile in Mesopotamia, the crops grew incredibly well and that helped lead to the development of civilizations. Mesopotamia had eight civilizations: Sumer, Akkad, Babylon, Hittites, Assyria, New Babylon, Phoenicians, and Israel. Sumer lasted from 3200 b.c. until 1900 b.c. Sumer was ruled by a king who had the responsibility of maintaining the city walls and the irrigation systems. Once the king passes, his power is then passed down to the next eligible son in the family which is known as hereditary rule. Sumer was a Theocracy, meaning that the religious leaders were in charge of the government and ruling system. The officials or ruler of Sumer kept records, led armies into war, enforced laws, and collect ed taxes. The people of Sumer were Polytheistic; they believed in many gods. There was also a large religious stepped platform dedicated to every city-state’s chief god or goddess named Ziggurat. Sumerians came up with the style of Cuneiform writing and in addition they used a system of pictographs for communication. This helped them document and keep records. They also had ideas and theories of Astronomy and math. Sumer farmed and traded and it had the world’s first cities, Ur, Uruk, and Babylon. Overall ,Show MoreRelatedA Study On Cheikh Anata Diop956 Words   |  4 Pagesideas on the origins of Egyptian civilization. Throughout his work, the main themes of Dr. Diop s work was that Egypt was the center of a vast network linking Africa s main cultures and languages and that it was the product of cultural influences from the African heartland. 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